Elon Musk used first-principle thinking to solve complex real-world problems at Tesla and SpaceX. I read about it, tried to simplify it and understand how we can use the same approach in our lives.
What’s first principle thinking?
First-principles thinking is like taking a problem apart to its most basic pieces, ignoring what everyone else says or does, and building a solution from scratch based on what’s absolutely true.
It’s about asking, “What do we know is true?” and starting there instead of copying what’s already out there.
To apply this in our lives, you will have to start questioning common advice and beliefs.
Don’t just accept “this is how it’s done” (e.g. “you need a college degree to succeed” or “work 9-to-5 for 40 years”). Ask why those rules exist and if they make sense for you.
Example in Life:
You’re told to buy a house because “it’s a good investment.”
Instead, break it down:
What’s a house? A place to live that costs money (home loans, taxes, maintenance).
What’s the goal? Financial security and comfort.
Truth: Renting might be cheaper and give flexibility if you move often. So, you calculate costs and decide renting aligns better with your goals.
Example in Career:
Everyone says “climb the corporate ladder.” But you ask: What’s a career? A way to earn money and find purpose.
Truth: Freelancing or starting a side hustle could give you more control and fulfilment. You test it by learning a skill like coding or design, skipping the traditional path.
Elon Musk used the first principles at Tesla.
He didn’t just accept that batteries were pricey. He looked at the raw materials, calculated their cost, and figured out Tesla could make batteries cheaper by building their own factories (like the Gigafactory). This helped Tesla make electric cars more affordable over time.
How You Can Start
Start questioning everything.
Next time someone says “That’s just how it’s done,” ask:
“Why?”
“What’s the goal here?”
“Is this actually true for me?”
You don’t need to be Elon to think like him. You just need curiosity, courage, and the willingness to start from scratch.
Vinay Mundhe 